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How to Understand A, CNAME, MX, and TXT DNS Records

A plain-language guide to the DNS records you are most likely to encounter.

Quick Answer

A points a name to an IPv4 address; CNAME aliases one hostname to another; MX directs email; TXT stores verification and policy text.

Step by Step

  1. Use an A record when a hostname needs to point to an IPv4 address.
  2. Use a CNAME when a hostname should alias another hostname.
  3. Use MX records to specify the mail servers receiving email for a domain.
  4. Use TXT records for items such as domain verification, SPF, DKIM-related information, and other text-based policies.
  5. Follow the exact host/name and value supplied by the service you are configuring.

If That Doesn't Work

  • Do not copy DNS values from another domain unless the provider specifically instructs you to.
  • DNS changes can take time to be seen everywhere because resolvers cache previous answers.

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